Last modified: 2005-01-29 by santiago dotor
Keywords: mosque | mihrab | minbar | pulpit | flags: 2 | swords: 2 (crossed) | headgear: shako (white) | star: 8 points (faceted) | disc (black) | stripes: 4 (red-green) |
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![[Afghanistan 1919-1928]](../images/a/af-1919.gif)
by Jaume Ollé
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According to Baert 2001, Emir Hibullah was murdered during a shooting party in 1919. His son Emir Amanullah Khan, proclaimed the independence of the country following a short war against the British, and attempted to modernize the Afghan state. Some of his reforms, such as abolition of serfdom, were accepted, but his attempts to improve the status of women were rejected by the most conservative religious leaders.
Amanullah prescribed the first national Afghan flag, showing the new national arms on a black field. On the arms, the mosque, still showing a mihrab and a minbar, was surmounted with the royal shako. Rays forming eight points and inscribing the mosque into a circle were inspired by the 19th century Ottoman Imperial standards. The image in Baert 2001 is similar to the one above.
According to