Last modified: 2004-07-31 by dov gutterman
Keywords: america | central america | panama | honduras | nicaragua | guatemala | costa rica | el salvador | united states of central america | greater republic of central america | central america federation |
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Costa Rica put the red in [in 1848] to
differentiate it from the other three with the horizontal blue
stripes; Guatemala turned the stripes and
made them vertical. At one time in the 19th century Costa Rica
used blue flag with a thin white cross with a red canton and
several stars (no clue as to the number).
John Andrew Lowe 29 November 1995
According to Smith's "Flags Through the Ages and
Across the World" [smi75b]
- Honduras entry (page 241): "The blue-white-blue
horizontal striped flag of the United Provinces of the Center of
America, based on the Argentine flag, was first hoisted in the
independence struggle against Spain on 4 July 1818, when the
commodore of the Argentine squadron, Louis Aury, proclaimed the
first independent Central American state on islands off the
eastern coast of Nicaragua. Aury's government lasted until
1821......(in 1823) when complete independence was established
the new national flag had stripes similar to, and apparently
based on, those of the first free state.."
Ned Smith , 14 May 1999
Crampton '90 [cra90] says on
the subject that: "General Belgrano used the colours adopted
in Buenos Aires on 25 May 1810, and turned them into a flag that
he hoisted at Rosario on 27 February 1812. In 1813 the colours
where taken up by San Martin to make a flag for the Army of the
Andees, in 1814 by Artigas and his League of Free Peoples, and in
1816 by Louis Aury, who led a maritime expedition to Central
America. [...]
The blue and white colours where also adopted in Central America.
The first flag is said to have been created by Colonel Arce on 20
February 1822 and presented to a unit from El Salvador going off
to fight the Mexicans, who had annexed the central provinces.
When the United Provinces of Central America were set up, the
same flag was adopted on 21 August 1823. [...]"
So, although it doesn't seem to be firmly established, it is very
likely that the Central American colours come in fact from
Belgrano's flag, through Louis Aury's (a french name?) expedition
in 1816 and 6 years later through Colonel Arce, who could have
had contact with Louis Aury's people in between (or even be one
of them!). Further, given the fact that all south american
symbology is positively embroided in masonic symbology, this
influence could have gone also through masonic channels. My
speculation here.
Jorge Candeias , 17 May 1999
At J.W Norie - J.S. Hobbs: Flaggen aller seefahrenden
Nationen, 1971 [nor71] (original
print 1848):
275 Central America - Blue over white over blue, in the centre a
blue disk.
Peter Hans van den Muijzenberg, 12 November 2001
Laurie's flag book of 1842 has an important caption under the
same flag that was ignored by all copyists and by some
vexollologists. It reads: "Arms in the center or the words
Dios Union Libertad."
Ralf Stelter, 15 March 2002
From <www.vdiest.nl>:
- 15 September 1821 - Independence of the colonial
"Kingdom of Guatemala" (Costa Rica, El Salvador,
Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Chiapas).
- 5 January 1822 - Incorporation into Mexico.
- 11 January 1822-10 Febuary 1823 - El Salvador in
secession.
- 1 July 1823 - Independence again (Costa Rica, El Salvador,
Guatemala,Honduras, and Nicaragua).
- 10 Jul 1823- United Provinces of the Centre of America (also
styled Republic of the Centre of America).
- 10 April 1825 - Federal Republic of Central America.
- 1838 - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Honduras exit the Federation.
- 17 April 1839 - Guatemala exits the Federation.
- 2 Febuary 1841 - El Salvador becomes a republic,
officially ending United Provinces
- 17 July 1842-1 December 1844 - Abortive attempt to restore
Confederation of Central America (El Salvador, Guatemala
[withdraws], Honduras, and Nicaragua).
- 13 October 1852-10 November 1852 - Abortive attempt to restore
the Confederation of Central America (El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua).
- 1898-30 November 1898 - Abortive attempt to restore the Central
American federation, Republic of Greater Central America (El
Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua).
- 13 June 1921-14 January 1922 - Federation of Central America
(El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras).
- 14 January 1922 - Guatemala leaves the federation.
- 4 Febuary 1922 - El Salvador leaves the federation.
- 7 Febuary 1922 - Honduras officially leaves the
federation.
Francisco Santos, 7 August 2003
Flag According to Steenbergen Book (1862)
by Jaume Ollé, 26 July 2003
No. 833 - Central America.
Source: [stb62]
Jaume Ollé, 26 July 2003
by Jaume Ollé
us23.gif)
Coat of Arms
by Jaume Ollé
The flags of Honduras, Nicaragua,
El Salvador and Costa
Rica are all based on the blue-white-blue tricolour of the
United States of Central America, which was dissolved 1838-9.
Paul Adams, 29 November 1995
From <countrystudies.us>: "The colonies comprising the Captaincy General of Guatemala declared their independence from Spain on September 15, 1821. The five states of El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and