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Haarlem (The Netherlands)
Capital of Noord-Holland province
Last modified: 2004-09-18 by jarig bakker
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Haarlem municipality
Population (1 Jan 2004): 147.153; area: 32,11 km². Settlements: Haarlem
(seat), Spaarndam (part).
Flag: red with at the hoist a white sword with yellow hilt with on
top a shortened wide-armed cross and on both sides two white six-pointed
stars on top of each other.
Haarlem is the seat of Noord-Holland province, and the main town of
the region known as "Kennemerland" (South-West Noord-Holland). It was founded
in the early Middle Ages. Count Willem II granted cityrights in 1245. In
1217-1219 Haarlemmers played a major rôle in the siege of Damiate
(Dumjat in Egypt), and as a reward the German emperor granted them a sword
in the coat of arms. The patriarch of Jerusalem added a star. The counts
of Holland built a hunting lodge and resided there until 1287, when Floris
V moved definitively to Den Haag. Haarlem is the second oldest town of
Holland (after Dordrecht). Famous citizens include Jan Huygens van Linschoten,
who prepared with his "Itinerario" the Dutch expeditions to the East-Indies.
Laurens Janszoom Coster was supposed to have invented book-printing (he
cut a letter out of a beech in the Haarlemmerhout; the letter fell in sand
and the imprint inspired "Loutje" to the great idea...) In 1572
Haarlem was beleagered by the Span