Last modified: 2005-01-22 by ivan sache
Keywords: hun | dragon (yellow) | bird (yellow) | stars: 3 (yellow) |
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The 16 Great Turkish Empires are listed on several Turkish sources, such as the websites of the Research Centre for Turkestan and Azerbaijan and the Australian-Turkish Media Group. All sources give an identical presentation of the Empires, which probably comes from some official document. In the following paragraphs, this description is given as the "official description".
To the best of our knowledge, the historical existence of most of these flags is not proven and we are not aware of their origin and designer. They are therefore considered as "attributed flags".
Ivan Sache, 27 November 2003
![[Great Hun]](../images/t/tr!buyhu.gif)
by Ivan Sache
"Official description":
Founded by Mete (Bagatir), bordering Siberia in the North, Tibet-Kashmir in the South, the Pacific Ocean in the East and the Caspian Sea in the West (total area 18,000,000 sq. km).
The Chinese called them the Hsiung-Nu.
The flag attributed to the Great Hun Empire is an orange-yellow flag with a yellow dragon.
Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004
![[The Western Hun Empire]](../images/t/tr!batih.gif)
by Ivan Sache
"Official description":
Founded by Panu, covering the area over present day Central Asia.
The Empire of Western (Hiung-Nu) Huns lasted from 48 to 304 AD. The ruler had the title of Shan-Yu. This state was under Chinese overlordship. One of the leaders founded the short-lived Earlier Chao state, one of the 16 kingdoms, in Shansi (304-329).
The flag attributed to the Western Hun Empire is a plain yellow-orange flag.
Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004
![[The European Hun Empire]](../images/t/tr!avhun.gif)
by Ivan Sache
"Official description":
Founded by Muncuk, Oktar, Rua and Aybars (brothers) covering the area of present day Southern Russia, Romania, Northern Yugoslavia, Hungary, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Southern and Central Germany (total area 4,000,000 sq. km). Gradual decline after 454 AD.
This is Attila the Hun's Empire, which caused the Great Migration in Europe and ended with Attila's death in 453 AD.
The flag attributed to the European Hun Empire is white with a yellow crowned bird with spread wings.
Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004
![[The White Hun Empire]](../images/t/tr!akhun.gif)
by Ivan Sache
"Official description":
Founded by Aksuvar (Aksungur) covering half of Northern India, Afghanistan and part of Turkestan (total area 3,500,000 sq. km).
The White Huns (a.k.a. Hephthalites, Ephthalites, Hayathelites, Ye-tai, Huna), originating from the Altai Mountains, occupied in the Vth century AD Western Turkestan and disappeared in the second half of the VIIth century.
The flag attributed to the White Huns is white with three yellow stars placed vertically in upper hoist.
Ivan Sache & Jarig Bakker, 4 July 2004